Genotype by Environment Interaction on Tropical Maize Hybrids Under Normal Irrigation and Waterlogging Conditions

Unpredictable rainfall in the tropics often increases risk of waterlogging or even flooding agricultural lands, hindering efforts to fulfill maize demands. Breeding for tolerance is necessary yet challenging since performing varietal testing on a set hybrids might be biased toward presence genotype and environment interaction (GEI). This study aimed elucidate GEI effects yield related agronomic traits tropical under normal irrigation conditions assess adaptability these such using several stability models. Ten including two commercial checks were evaluated across 14 environments Indonesia from 2018 2020. Waterlogging imposed at V6 stage ten consecutive days significantly hampered plant height ear height, slightly delayed flowering dates, reduced components. The genotype, location, by location significant yield, but effect was not. Stress index highly correlated ( p < 0.01) with both r = 0.90) 0.96) conditions. GGE biplot analysis revealed five sectors, mega-environments, vertex genotypes. indicated possibility breeding tolerant (G05), as well high-yielding (G07).